Ipamorelin is a small pentapeptide that binds to the receptor of ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue (GHS), and is speculated to trigger the release of growth hormone via pituitary cells. Research has suggested the peptide to be selective in its mode of action.^[1] Ipamorelin, researchers report, does not appear to induce non-specific release of hormones like prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, ACTH, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, or cortisol. The high specificity of the peptide makes it an ideal model for the study of selectivity in receptor binding. It appears to function through interaction with cognate receptors on the target cell surface and mediates a cellular response. Ipamorelin may induce secretions from the pituitary gland, promoting growth in animal study models.^[2] In addition, it may not only trigger the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) but may also inhibit the secretion of somatostatin. IGF-1 is considered to be the main anabolic mediator of growth hormone.

LL-37 is a Cathelicidin, a protein family of unique and diverse functions. These peptides, produced by macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (both types of white blood cells), have been suggested to exhibit bactericidal action. The entire group is classified as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The peptide, in particular, has been researched in relation to autoimmune disease, cancer, and wound recovery.^[1] For example, researchers note that “Corneal and conjunctival epithelia express LL-37 as part of mucosal innate immunity to protect against bacterial and viral ocular infections.”

Specifications

Molecular Formula: C₄₆H₅₆N₁₂O₆

Molecular Weight: 873.032 g/mol

Sequence: His-D-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys

Specifications

Molecular Formula: C₄₀₀H₆₂₅N₁₁₁O₁₁₅S₉

Molecular Weight: 9117.5 g/mol

Sequence: MFPAMPLSSL FVNGPRTLCG AELVDALQFV CGDRGFYFNK PTGYGSSSRR APQTGIVDEC CFRSCDLRRL EMYCAPLKPA KSA

Specifications

Other Known Titles: Thymosin Beta 4

Molecular Formula: C₄₅H₅₅N₉O₆

Molecular Weight: 817.9 g/mol

Sequence: H-D-Ala-D-2-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2

Specifications

Other Known Titles:Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide

Molecular Formula: C₃₅H₄₈N₁₀O₁₅

Molecular Weight: 848.82 g/mol

Sequence: Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu

Specifications

Molecular Formula: C₁₄H₂₂N₄O₉

Molecular Weight: 390.34 g/mol

Sequence: Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly

Other Known Titles: Epitalon, Epithalone, Epithalamin

Specifications

Molecular Formula: C₇₈H₁₂₅N₂₃O₂₃S₂

Molecular Weight: 1817.1 g/mol

Sequence: Tyr-Leu-Arg-Ile-Val-Gin-Cys-Arg-Ser-Val-Glu-Gly-Ser-Cys-Gly-Phe

Other Known Titles: Frag 176-191